Carburizing Heat Treatment

What is Carburizing Heat Treatment?

Carburizing heat treatment is a thermal process that enhances surface hardness and wear resistance by diffusing carbon into the surface of a metal. This method is generally used to increase the surface hardness of low-carbon steels. Through carburizing, the inner structure of the material remains soft, while the surface becomes hard and wear-resistant.

How is Carburizing Heat Treatment Applied?

  • Preparation Stage: The metal surfaces to be carburized are cleaned and properly prepared.
  • Exposure to Carburizing Environment: The material is held at a specific temperature in a carbon-rich atmosphere. The carburizing temperature is typically between 850-950°C.
    • Gas Carburizing: Applied using carbon-rich gases (methane, propane).
    • Liquid Carburizing: Carbon is diffused in molten salt baths.
    • Solid Carburizing: Applied using solid carbon-rich materials (charcoal, graphite).
  • Diffusion Phase: Carbon penetrates the metal surface at the defined temperature and provides hardening.
  • Hardening: After carburizing, the metal is rapidly cooled (in water, oil, or gas) to increase hardness.
  • Tempering: May be applied after hardening to relieve internal stresses and increase toughness.

Advantages of Carburizing

  • Increases the surface hardness and provides wear resistance.
  • Since the core structure remains soft, it ensures impact resistance.
  • Improves fatigue strength and extends the service life of components.

Which Materials Are Used?

Low-carbon steels
Alloy steels
Certain types of stainless steels
Carburizing Heat Treatment

Main Industries

Carburizing heat treatment plays a critical role in enhancing the surface hardness and wear resistance of metals. Therefore, it is widely used for durable and long-lasting mechanical components.

  • Automotive: Gears, shafts, crankshafts, camshafts.
  • Machinery and Machine Tools: Wear-resistant tools and parts.
  • Aerospace: Components requiring high performance.
  • Energy and Mining: Equipment exposed to wear.

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